The topics dealt in this book are preparation of Nucleic Acids that includes Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid (DNA) Extraction, Ribose Nucleic Acid (RNA) Extraction and Plasmid DNA Extraction; Basic Molecular techniques including Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Electrophoretic Techniques; Gene expression analysis using Reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR); Molecular genotyping of Short Tandem Repeats (STR), Alu insertions; Mutation detection techniques including Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP), Amplification Refractory Mutation Detection System (ARMS) and Single Stranded Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP); Nucleic Acid Blotting: Dot Blotting and Southern Blotting; Latest molecular techniques like DNA Sequencing, Multiplex PCR and Automated DNA Fragment size analysis by Gene scanning; DNA Recombinant Technology and Microarray. A separate chapter on a brief overview of all the statistical methods which can be used to analyze the biological data has been included. This book has been written keeping in mind the bench workers and also the researchers who are going to establish their own laboratories. We have tried to give point wise description of various techniques. Although every effort has been made to make this book as up to date as possible, there may still be some deficiencies and mistakes. The comments and suggestions from users are solicited for improvement.